Lojban Wiki - User contributions [en]

Conveyor Belt Solutions For Modern Production

2025-12-19T21:23:33Z

Ziren: Ziren moved page Conveyor Belt Solutions For Modern Production to Spam0

#REDIRECT [[Spam0]]

Modern Lojban concepts

2025-08-19T02:34:39Z

Ziren:

[https://jbobau.org Lojban has changed.] Even so, these changes aren't hard to master or understand assuming a basic of standard Lojban.
The following is a brief description of some of the most common reforms and conventions used by modern speakers of Lojban.

If you lament the lack of a parser for these newer styles, there are various parsers available at [http://lojban.github.io/ilmentufa/camxes.html Ilmentufa].
The "Camxes: Beta CKT CBM"<ref>for Beta camxes with tcekitau and cmevla-brivla merger</ref> is the closest to most dialects in use as of Aug. 2025.

== Reforms ==

=== [[tcekitau]] ===

There are many un-used and under-used cmavo taking up valuable cmavo forms like CV and CVV. Tcekitau refers to the family of reforms that takes a short, unused
cmavo, and assigns it to or swaps it with an existing commonly used longer cmavo. It is named for the original swaps {ce} ↔ {ce'u}, {ki} ↔ {ke'a}, {tau} ↔ {tu'a},
but there have since been many more swaps. When modern lojbanists propose one of these swaps, we refer to it as tcekitau-ing it, e.g. "let's tcekitau voi for poi'i".

See also the [https://mw.lojban.org/papri/ce_ki_tau_jau tcekitaujau] article on the LLG Lojban wiki.

=== [[Jacus]] ===

Also known as "Simplified Connectives", la .jacus. refers to a reform<ref>[https://solpahi.wordpress.com/2016/09/20/a-simpler-connective-system/ Simple Connective System]</ref> authored by Solpa'i.
In brief, instead of having a separate connective for each grammatical structure, just use JA for everything. Notably, the GIhA series is replaced with JAcu, hence the name.

=== [[Cmevla-Brivla Merger]] (CBM) ===

CBM merges cmevla (name words) and brivla (verb words) into a single grammatical category.
That is, cmevla can be used anywhere a brivla can including as the verb of a sentence or as the seltau in a tanru.
All cmevla are verbs with definition "x1 is that which is named <NAME>". E.g. «cmeval» is equivalent to «me la .cmeval. [me'u]».

Aside we refer to morphological name words, i.e. words that end in consonants, as "cmevla", not "cmene". "la jbobau" is a cmene, but does not contain a cmevla.

=== [[jboponei]] ===

Jboponei repurposes two rarely used cmavo {po} and {nei} to write generic abstractions as pure noun phrases.
That is:

{po ... [nei]}

is the same as

{losu'u ... [kei]}

This is a shorter way of saying {xu'u ... [ku'au]}, if familiar.

=== {voi} ({poi'i}) ===

{poi'i} has the same grammar as NU, but creates a description with an optional [ke'a] like poi. It is so useful, that we [[tcekitau]]ed it to {voi}. For example:

{lo voi mi djica lonu se klama} is modern Lojban for "The place I want as a destination".

=== [[New Sentence Links]] (.ajbo) ===

Because of [[#Jacus]], noun connectives are unneeded. This repurposes these cmavo as new sentence fences ({.i}) with different discursive meaning.
E.g., {.a} starts a new question sentence and {.o} marks a command.

== Stylistic Conventions ==

=== memimoi ===

This exploits a grammatical oddity of mekso where me + SUMTI + moi creates an arbitrary SUMTI-th object. Stylistically, we use this as a way to express «pe» as a verb.
E.g. {memimoi} can be thought of as a verb "to be mine}. In general, {me ko'a moi} is equivalent to {me zo'e pe ko'a}.

=== Tanru abstractions ===

It is a common convention that if a tertau has a commonly used abstraction slot, a generic abstraction with the seltau as the verb is placed in that slot.
For example, {sutra zmadu} is implicitly {zmadu fi loka sutra}. This can nest arbitrarily deep, for example {cilre sidju cafne zenba troci} becomes
{troci loka zenba loka cafne fa lonu sidju fi lonu cilre}.

==== Implicit abstractions with {co} ====

As a corollary to this, {co} can be used as a pseudo abstractor. That is

{mi djica co klama lo zarci}

is definitionally equivalent to

{mi (klama be lo zarci be'o) djica}

which by convention becomes

{mi djica lonu klama lo zarci}

=== [[uivla]] ===

Modern lojbanists use UI + the pseudo rafsi -nmo to form new zi'evla meaning to feel that emotion.
E.g. {.uinmo} mean "x1 is happy about x2", and {.uenmo} means "x1 is surprised about x2".

=== {jai} and {tau} (i.e. {tu'a} <ref>see [[#tcekitau]] </ref>) ===

Modern Lojban is much more fastidious about whether an argument is an abstraction, so words that lift an object (e.g. lo mlatu) into an abstraction are far more common.
The easiest way is to prefix an argument with {tau}, e.g. {mi djica tau lo mlatu}, since {djica2} is an abstraction. Sometimes this is a grammatically inconvenient or
even infeasible, in which case, {jai} is used. This is like a SE that turns an abstraction slot into an entity slot. E.g. «lo jai se djica» is "that [thing] that is wanted.

=== Reduplication ===

Some speakers will double a selbri in a tanru to add emphasis instead of {ba'e}, e.g. {la .tor.ifel. cu barda barda sai}.

=== Using standard grammar words ===

When modern Lojbanists discuss Lojban grammar, it's common for them to use typical grammar words
most English speakers already know, such as "verb", "noun" and "clause".

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Grammar Terminology
|-
! Lojban !! English
|-
| sumti || noun
|-
| selbri || verb
|-
| bridi || clause
|-
| jufra || sentence
|-
| jonvla || conjunction
|}

=== {bu} pronouns ===

{bu} is used to turn arbitrary words into letterals. Also, letterals in Lojban can be used as pronouns.
Modern Lojbanists use this realization to great effect, e.g. {mi xabju kansa lo blabi mlatu .iu .i mlatu bu dibmle}.

Additionally, modern Lojbanists are more likely to use the form CMEVLA bu to refer to non-Latin characters than alphabetic shifts.

=== Attitudinals ===

TODO: How to actually use them from Lojbanists who know what they're doing.

==== {ki'a} and proper question/answer ettiquette ====

TODO

== Popular Experimental Cmavo ==

=== {me'oi}, {la'oi} and {zo'oi} ===

These allow the easy transformation of single foreign word into a Lojban word. For example, la'oi Martin-Löf is short for la'o sy. Martin-Löf sy.
They are delimited by spaces in writing and stops in speech.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Caption text
|-
! Cmavo !! Function
|-
| me'oi || verb
|-
| la'oi || name
|-
| zo'oi || word quote
|}

Note: These words have received valid criticism of not being culturally neutral.
Languages with phonemic glottal stops, such as many Polynesian languages, have many words that cannot be used with these cmavo.

=== {ma'oi} and {ra'oi} ===

Baseline does not provide a convenient way to refer to selma'o and rafsi. These words address this.

{ma'oi} is ZO, and refers to the selma'o of the quoted word. That is, {zo ma'oi cmavo ma'oi zo}.

{ra'oi} has its own grammar, and is always followed by a rafsi. I.e., it acts like a zo-quote for rafsi. It is typically stylized as {ra'oi -raf- rafsi zo rafsi}

=== {pu'ei}, {ca'ei} and {ba'ei} ===

TODO: [[User:Ziren]] doesn't know these words.

=== {poi'a}/{noi'a} ===

These are clause level relative clauses as a metaphor to {poi} and {noi}. That is, {poi'a cizra} describes the surrounding clause as strange.

== Footnotes ==

<references />

Modern Lojban concepts

2025-08-18T06:44:01Z

Ziren:

[https://jbobau.org Lojban has changed.] Even so, these changes aren't hard to master or understand assuming a basic of standard Lojban.
The following is a brief description of some of the most common reforms and conventions used by modern speakers of Lojban.

If you lament the lack of a parser for these newer styles, there are various parsers available at [http://lojban.github.io/ilmentufa/camxes.html Ilmentufa].
The "Camxes: Beta CKT CBM"<ref>for Beta camxes with tcekitau and cmevla-brivla merger is the closest to most dialects in use as of Aug. 2025</ref>

== Reforms ==

=== [[tcekitau]] ===

There are many un-used and under-used cmavo taking up valuable cmavo forms like CV and CVV. Tcekitau refers to the family of reforms that takes a short, unused
cmavo, and assigns it to or swaps it with an existing commonly used longer cmavo. It is named for the original swaps {ce} ↔ {ce'u}, {ki} ↔ {ke'a}, {tau} ↔ {tu'a},
but there have since been many more swaps. When modern lojbanists propose one of these swaps, we refer to it as tcekitau-ing it, e.g. "let's tcekitau voi for poi'i"

See also the [https://mw.lojban.org/papri/ce_ki_tau_jau tcekitaujau] article on the LLG Lojban wiki.

=== [[Jacus]] ===

Also known as "Simplified Connectives", la .jacus. refers to a reform<ref>[https://solpahi.wordpress.com/2016/09/20/a-simpler-connective-system/ Simple Connective System]</ref> authored by Solpa'i.
In brief, instead of having a separate connective for each grammatical structure, just use JA for everything. Notably, the GIhA series is replaced with JAcu, hence the name.

=== [[Cmevla-Brivla Merger]] (CBM) ===

First of all, we refer to morphological name words, i.e. words that end in consonants, as "cmevla", not cmene. "la jbobau" is a cmene, but does not contain a cmevla.

Also, there's no reason why they have to have a grammar distinct from brivla or verbs. Then we grammatically merge the two word classes.
That is, all cmevla are verbs with the meaning {me la .cmeval.}. This allows them to be used in tanru and other useful situations with much greater ease.

=== [[jboponei]] ===

Jboponei repurposes two rarely used cmavo {po} and {nei} to write generic abstractions as pure noun phrases.
That is:

{po ... [nei]}

is the same as

{losu'u ... [kei]}

This is a shorter way of saying {xu'u ... [ku'au]}, if familiar.

=== {voi} ({poi'i}) ===

{poi'i} has the same grammar as NU, but creates a description with an optional [ke'a] like poi. It is so useful, that we [[tcekitau]]ed it to {voi}. For example:

{lo voi mi djica lonu se klama} is modern Lojban for "The place I want as a destination".

=== [[New Sentence Links]] (.ajbo) ===

Because of [[#Jacus]], noun connectives are unneeded. This repurposes these cmavo as new sentence fences ({.i}) with different discursive meaning.
E.g., {.a} starts a new question sentence and {.o} marks a command.

== Stylistic Conventions ==

=== memimoi ===

This exploits a grammatical oddity of mekso where me + SUMTI + moi creates an arbitrary SUMTI-th object. Stylistically, we use this as a way to express «pe» as a verb.
E.g. {memimoi} can be thought of as a verb "to be mine}. In general, {me ko'a moi} is equivalent to {me zo'e pe ko'a}.

=== Tanru abstractions ===

It is a common convention that if a tertau has a commonly used abstraction slot, a generic abstraction with the seltau as the verb is placed in that slot.
For example, {sutra zmadu} is implicitly {zmadu fi loka sutra}. This can nest arbitrarily deep, for example {cilre sidju cafne zenba troci} becomes
{troci loka zenba loka cafne fa lonu sidju fi lonu cilre}.

==== Implicit abstractions with {co} ====

As a corollary to this, {co} can be used as a pseudo abstractor. That is

{mi djica co klama lo zarci}

is definitionally equivalent to

{mi (klama be lo zarci be'o) djica}

which by convention becomes

{mi djica lonu klama lo zarci}

=== [[uivla]] ===

Modern lojbanists use UI + the pseudo rafsi to form new zi'evla meaning to feel that emotion.
E.g. {.uinmo} mean "x1 is happy about x2", and {.uenmo} means "x1 is surprised about x2".

=== {jai} and {tau} (i.e. {tu'a} <ref>see [[#tcekitau]] </ref>) ===

Modern Lojban is much more fastidious about whether an argument is an abstraction, so words that lift an object (e.g. lo mlatu) into an abstraction are far more common.
The easiest way is to prefix an argument with {tau}, e.g. {mi djica tau lo mlatu}, since {djica2} is an abstraction. Sometimes this is a grammatically inconvenient or
even infeasible, in which case, {jai} is used. This is like a SE that turns an abstraction slot into an entity slot. E.g. «lo jai se djica» is "that [thing] that is wanted.

=== Reduplication ===

Some speakers will double a selbri in a tanru to add emphasis instead of {ba'e}, e.g. {la .tor.ifel. cu barda barda sai}

=== Using standard grammar words ===

When modern Lojbanists discuss Lojban grammar, it's common for them to use typical grammar words
most English speakers already know, such as "verb", "noun" and "clause".

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Mapping between English and Lojban grammar words
|-
! Lojban !! English
|-
| sumti || noun
|-
| selbri || verb
|-
| bridi || clause
|-
| jufra || sentence
|-
| jonvla || conjunction
|}

=== {bu} pronouns ===

{bu} is used to turn arbitrary words into letterals. Also, letterals in Lojban can be used as pronouns.
Modern Lojbanists use this realization to great effect, e.g. {mi xabju kansa lo blabi mlatu .iu .i mlatu bu dibmle}.

Additionally, modern Lojbanists are more likely to use the form CMEVLA bu to refer to non-Latin characters than alphabetic shifts.

=== Attitudinals ===

TODO: How to actually use them from Lojbanists who know what they're doing.

==== {ki'a} and proper question/answer ettiquette ====

TODO

== Popular Experimental Cmavo ==

=== {me'oi}, {la'oi} and {zo'oi} ====

These allow the easy transformation of single foreign word into a Lojban word. For example, la'oi Martin-Löf is short for la'o sy. Martin-Löf sy.
They are delimited by spaces in writing and stops in speech.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Caption text
|-
! Cmavo !! Function
|-
| me'oi || verb
|-
| la'oi || name
|-
| zo'oi || word quote
|}

Note: These words have received valid criticism of not being culturally neutral.
Languages with phonemic glottal stops, such as many Polynesian languages, have many words that cannot be used with these cmavo.

=== {ma'oi} and {ra'oi} ===

Baseline does not provide a convenient way to refer to selma'o and rafsi. These words address this.

{ma'oi} is ZO, and refers to the selma'o of the quoted word. That is, {zo ma'oi cmavo ma'oi zo}.

{ra'oi} has its own grammar, and is always followed by a rafsi. I.e., it acts like a zo-quote for rafsi. It is typically stylized as {ra'oi -raf- rafsi zo rafsi}

=== {pu'ei}, {ca'ei} and {ba'ei} ===

TODO: [[User:Ziren]] doesn't know these words.

=== {poi'a}/{noi'a} ===

These are clause level relative clauses as a metaphor to {poi} and {noi}. That is, {poi'a cizra} describes the surrounding clause as strange.

== Footnotes ==

<references />

User:Ziren

2025-08-18T04:31:17Z

Ziren:

la .ziren. cu jbopre .i lo drata cu xusra lodu'u zy. jbocre .u zy. sempi losego'i .i so'o roi drani

@zearen on Discord and elsewhere. Some say she's a jbocre, but she doubts that. Sometimes she's actually correct, so watch out for that.

Modern Lojban concepts

2025-08-18T04:28:31Z

Ziren:

[https://jbobau.org Lojban has changed.] Even so, these changes aren't hard to master or understand assuming a basic of standard Lojban.
The following is a brief description of some of the most common reforms and conventions used by modern speakers of Lojban.

If you lament the lack of a parser for these newer styles, there are various parsers available at [http://lojban.github.io/ilmentufa/camxes.html Ilmentufa].
The "Camxes: Beta CKT CBM"<ref>for Beta camxes with tcekitau and cmevla-brivla merger is the closest to most dialects in use as of Aug. 2025</ref>

== Reforms ==

=== [[tcekitau]] ===

There are many un-used and under-used cmavo taking up valuable cmavo forms like CV and CVV. Tcekitau refers to the family of reforms that takes a short, unused
cmavo, and assigns it to or swaps it with an existing commonly used longer cmavo. It is named for the original swaps {ce} ↓ {ce'u}, {ki} ↓ {ke'a}, {tau} ↓ {tu'a},
but there have since been many more swaps. When modern lojbanists propose one of these swaps, we refer to it as tcekitau-ing it, e.g. "let's tcekitau voi for poi'i"

See also the [https://mw.lojban.org/papri/ce_ki_tau_jau tcekitaujau] article on the LLG Lojban wiki.

=== [[Jacus]] ===

Also known as "Simplified Connectives", la .jacus. refers to a reform<ref>[https://solpahi.wordpress.com/2016/09/20/a-simpler-connective-system/ Simple Connective System]</ref> authored by Solpa'i.
In brief, instead of having a separate connective for each grammatical structure, just use JA for everything. Notably, the GIhA series is replaced with JAcu, hence the name.

=== [[Cmevla-Brivla Merger]] (CBM) ===

First of all, we refer to morphological name words, i.e. words that end in consonants, as "cmevla", not cmene. "la jbobau" is a cmene, but does not contain a cmevla.

Also, there's no reason why they have to have a grammar distinct from brivla or verbs. Then we grammatically merge the two word classes.
That is, all cmevla are verbs with the meaning {me la .cmeval.}. This allows them to be used in tanru and other useful situations with much greater ease.

=== [[jboponei]] ===

Jboponei repurposes two rarely used cmavo {po} and {nei} to write generic abstractions as pure noun phrases.
That is:

{po ... [nei]}

is the same as

{losu'u ... [kei]}

This is a shorter way of saying {xu'u ... [ku'au]}, if familiar.

=== {voi} ({poi'i}) ===

{poi'i} has the same grammar as NU, but creates a description with an optional [ke'a] like poi. It is so useful, that we [[tcekitau]]ed it to {voi}. For example:

{lo voi mi djica lonu se klama} is modern Lojban for "The place I want as a destination".

=== [[New Sentence Links]] (.ajbo) ===

Because of [[#Jacus]], noun connectives are unneeded. This repurposes these cmavo as new sentence fences ({.i}) with different discursive meaning.
E.g., {.a} starts a new question sentence and {.o} marks a command.

== Stylistic Conventions ==

=== memimoi ===

This exploits a grammatical oddity of mekso where me + SUMTI + moi creates an arbitrary SUMTI-th object. Stylistically, we use this as a way to express «pe» as a verb.
E.g. {memimoi} can be thought of as a verb "to be mine}. In general, {me ko'a moi} is equivalent to {me zo'e pe ko'a}.

=== Tanru abstractions ===

It is a common convention that if a tertau has a commonly used abstraction slot, a generic abstraction with the seltau as the verb is placed in that slot.
For example, {sutra zmadu} is implicitly {zmadu fi loka sutra}. This can nest arbitrarily deep, for example {cilre sidju cafne zenba troci} becomes
{troci loka zenba loka cafne fa lonu sidju fi lonu cilre}.

==== Implicit abstractions with {co} ====

As a corollary to this, {co} can be used as a pseudo abstractor. That is

{mi djica co klama lo zarci}

is definitionally equivalent to

{mi (klama be lo zarci be'o) djica}

which by convention becomes

{mi djica lonu klama lo zarci}

=== [[uivla]] ===

Modern lojbanists use UI + the pseudo rafsi to form new zi'evla meaning to feel that emotion.
E.g. {.uinmo} mean "x1 is happy about x2", and {.uenmo} means "x1 is surprised about x2".

=== {jai} and {tau} (i.e. {tu'a} <ref>see [[#tcekitau]] </ref>) ===

Modern Lojban is much more fastidious about whether an argument is an abstraction, so words that lift an object (e.g. lo mlatu) into an abstraction are far more common.
The easiest way is to prefix an argument with {tau}, e.g. {mi djica tau lo mlatu}, since {djica2} is an abstraction. Sometimes this is a grammatically inconvenient or
even infeasible, in which case, {jai} is used. This is like a SE that turns an abstraction slot into an entity slot. E.g. «lo jai se djica» is "that [thing] that is wanted.

=== Reduplication ===

Some speakers will double a selbri in a tanru to add emphasis instead of {ba'e}, e.g. {la .tor.ifel. cu barda barda sai}

=== Using standard grammar words ===

When modern Lojbanists discuss Lojban grammar, it's common for them to use typical grammar words
most English speakers already know, such as "verb", "noun" and "clause".

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Mapping between English and Lojban grammar words
|-
! Lojban !! English
|-
| sumti || noun
|-
| selbri || verb
|-
| bridi || clause
|-
| jufra || sentence
|-
| jonvla || conjunction
|}

=== {bu} pronouns ===

{bu} is used to turn arbitrary words into letterals. Also, letterals in Lojban can be used as pronouns.
Modern Lojbanists use this realization to great effect, e.g. {mi xabju kansa lo blabi mlatu .iu .i mlatu bu dibmle}.

Additionally, modern Lojbanists are more likely to use the form CMEVLA bu to refer to non-Latin characters than alphabetic shifts.

=== Attitudinals ===

TODO: How to actually use them from Lojbanists who know what they're doing.

==== {ki'a} and proper question/answer ettiquette ====

TODO

== Popular Experimental Cmavo ==

=== {me'oi}, {la'oi} and {zo'oi} ====

These allow the easy transformation of single foreign word into a Lojban word. For example, la'oi Martin-Löf is short for la'o sy. Martin-Löf sy.
They are delimited by spaces in writing and stops in speech.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Caption text
|-
! Cmavo !! Function
|-
| me'oi || verb
|-
| la'oi || name
|-
| zo'oi || word quote
|}

Note: These words have received valid criticism of not being culturally neutral.
Languages with phonemic glottal stops, such as many Polynesian languages, have many words that cannot be used with these cmavo.

=== {ma'oi} and {ra'oi}

Baseline does not provide a convenient way to refer to selma'o and rafsi. These words address this.

{ra'oi} is ZO, and refers to the selma'o of the quoted word. That is, {zo ra'oi cmavo ra'oi zo}.

{ma'oi} has its own grammar, and is always followed by a rafsi. I.e., it acts like a zo-quote for rafsi. It is typically stylized as {ma'oi -raf- rafsi zo rafsi}

=== {pu'ei}, {ca'ei} and {ba'ei} ===

TODO: [[User:Ziren]] doesn't know these words.

=== {poi'a}/{noi'a} ===

These are clause level relative clauses as a metaphor to {poi} and {noi}. That is, {poi'a cizra} describes the surrounding clause as strange.

== Footnotes ==

<references />

User:Ziren

2025-08-18T04:14:12Z

Ziren: Created page with "la .ziren. cu jbopre .i lo drata cu xusra lodu'u zy. jbocre .u zy. sempi losego'i .i so'e roi drani @zearen on Discord and elsewhere. Sometimes she's actually correct, so watch out for that."

la .ziren. cu jbopre .i lo drata cu xusra lodu'u zy. jbocre .u zy. sempi losego'i .i so'e roi drani

@zearen on Discord and elsewhere. Sometimes she's actually correct, so watch out for that.

Juftaikei

2025-08-18T00:20:58Z

Ziren:

# Juftaikei

Juftaikei, also known as Lingo<ref>previous name, non-preferred because it is gismu shaped, but not a gismu</ref>,
is a game that can be played in any language in any medium, but is typically played in Lojban in
chatrooms (e.g. on Discord or historically on an [https://wikipedia.org/wiki/IRC IRC].
It is a rule guessing game with one "Teacher" and any number<ref>positive integer, you nerd</ref> of "Students".
This is, the Teacher creates a "Rule" describing some aspect of a Lojban sentence that the students try to guess.

== How to play ==

First, decide who is the first Teacher. The Teacher then decides and records a Rule. A Rule can be something simple
as "contains a pronoun" or as complex as "If it exists, the second abstraction word must be a nu". Note that this is
a collaborative game, and if the chosen rule is so difficult that no-one can guess it, the teacher looses.

Once the Teacher has chosen a rule, they provide two example sentences, one which satisfies the Rule, and one which
does not, clearly labeling which sentence is which.
Then, the students, in any order, may make Guesses. The Guesses are
of two general forms: [[#Sentence Guess|Sentence Guesses]] and [[#Rule Guess|Rule Guesses]].

When a student makes a correct [[#Rule Guess]], they and the Teacher win that round. If all the students give up,
the Teacher may reveal the rule, and everyone loses that round. If there are enough players still interested,
a new Teacher is chosen, usually by the winning student from the previous round, and play restarts.

=== Sentence Guess ===

In a [[#Sentence Guess]], the student provides a sentence and asks whether or not it satisfies the rule, then the teacher
will say «mapti» if it does, or «na mapti» if it does not.

=== Rule Guess ===

Alternatively, the Student may guess at what the Rule is. If they are correct, they win the game. If not, the Teacher
must provide an example which satisfies the Teacher's Rule, but breaks the Student's proposed rule.

== Example Rules ==

* Contains a gismu/abstraction/connective/terminator/etc.
* Has no pronoun/poi/cu/etc.
* Starts with the selbri/attitudinal/TAG/etc.
* Has X sumti
* Contains a tanru of length Y
* Contains a nested abstraction

== Variants ==

This game has multiple rule variants depending on what the students want to play. For example, the turn order may be
stricter, players may be limited to a certain number of guesses, etc. Also, one may limit the object under study
to smaller pieces of grammar, such as words, as is common in introductory game with new players or [[Nintadni]]

=== Zendo ===

This game is inspired by [https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/6830/zendo Zendo], a board game with similar rules.
If the players which, they can use the full rule set from that game substituting Lojbanic sentence construction
for arrangements of pyramids.

One of the key concepts from Zendo is that when making a [[#Sentence Guess]], all the students may first.
guess whether it matches the Rule or not. Those that guess correctly earn the ability to make a [[#Rule Guess]],
and cannot make a [[#Rule Guess]] otherwise.

== Example game: ==

=== Lojban ===

'''ctuca''':
* .i mapti fa mu'a lu mi tavla do lo skami li'u
* .i narmapti fa mu'a lu mi klama fu lo karce li'u

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« mi klama zo'e zoe' zo'e lo karce »li'u mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« mi tavla fi lo skami »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu javni lodu'u loi nalkunti sumti cu remei

'''ctuca''' .i na go'i .i mu'a lu mi tavla do li'u na mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« tavla fi do »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .i xu lu« lo gerku lo mlatu cu jersi »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i na go'i

'''tadni''': je'e .uaru'e .ixu javni lodu'u lo cimoi sumti cu na kunti

'''ctuca''' .i .u'i dukti .i ku'i .ia do snada lo ka jimpe :)

'''tadni''': .i .ui .i ki'e do ckire fi lonu kelci !

=== English ===

'''Teacher''':
* For example, «mi tavla do lo skami li'u» matches the rule
* For example, «mi klama fu lo karce li'u» does not match the rule

'''Student''': Does «mi klama zo'e zoe' zo'e lo karce» match ?

'''Teacher''': It matches

'''Student''': Does «mi tavla fi lo skami »li'u match ?

'''Teacher''': It matches

'''Student''': Is the rule that there are two non-empty arguments?

'''Teacher''' No, for example «mi tavla do» does not match

'''Student''': Does «tavla fi do» match

'''Teacher''': It matches

'''Student''': Does «lo gerku lo mlatu cu jersi» match ?

'''Teacher''': It doesn't

'''Student''': Oh, I think I get it. Is the rule that the third sumti isn't empty ?

'''Teacher''' Haha, yes ! I believe you have successfully understood.

'''Student''': Yay ! Thanks for playing.

== Footnotes ==

<references />

Juftaikei

2025-08-18T00:20:31Z

Ziren:

Juftaikei

2025-08-18T00:07:45Z

Ziren: Undo revision 143 by Ziren (talk)

# Juftaikei

Juftaikei, also known as Lingo<ref>previous name, non-preferred because it is gismu shaped, but not a gismu</ref>,
is a game that can be played in any language in any medium, but is typically played in Lojban in
chatrooms (e.g. on Discord or historically on an [https://wikipedia.org/wiki/IRC IRC].
It is a rule guessing game with one "Teacher" and any number<ref>positive integer, you nerd</ref> of "Students".
This is, the Teacher creates a "Rule" describing some aspect of a Lojban sentence that the students try to guess.

== How to play ==

First, decide who is the first Teacher. The Teacher then decides and records a Rule. A Rule can be something simple
as "contains a pronoun" or as complex as "If it exists, the second abstraction word must be a nu". Note that this is
a collaborative game, and if the chosen rule is so difficult that no-one can guess it, the teacher looses.

Once the Teacher has chosen a rule, they provide two example sentences, one which satisfies the Rule, and one which
does not, clearly labeling which sentence is which.
Then, the students, in any order, may make Guesses. The Guesses are
of two general forms: [[#Sentence Guess|Sentence Guesses]] and [[#Rule Guess|Rule Guesses]].

When a student makes a correct [[#Rule Guess]], they and the Teacher win that round. If all the students give up,
the Teacher may reveal the rule, and everyone loses that round. If there are enough players still interested,
a new Teacher is chosen, usually by the winning student from the previous round, and play restarts.

=== Sentence Guess ===

In a [[#Sentence Guess]], the student provides a sentence and asks whether or not it satisfies the rule, then the teacher
will say «mapti» if it does, or «na mapti» if it does not.

=== Rule Guess ===

Alternatively, the Student may guess at what the Rule is. If they are correct, they win the game. If not, the Teacher
must provide an example which satisfies the Teacher's Rule, but breaks the Student's proposed rule.

== Example Rules ==

* Contains a gismu/abstraction/connective/terminator/etc.
* Has no pronoun/poi/cu/etc.
* Starts with the selbri/attitudinal/TAG/etc.
* Has X sumti
* Contains a tanru of length Y
* Contains a nested abstraction

== Variants ==

This game has multiple rule variants depending on what the students want to play. For example, the turn order may be
stricter, players may be limited to a certain number of guesses, etc. Also, one may limit the object under study
to smaller pieces of grammar, such as words, as is common in introductory game with new players or [[Nintadni]]

=== Zendo ===

This game is inspired by [https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/6830/zendo Zendo], a board game with similar rules.
If the players which, they can use the full rule set from that game substituting Lojbanic sentence construction
for arrangements of pyramids.

One of the key concepts from Zendo is that when making a [[#Sentence Guess]], all the students may first.
guess whether it matches the Rule or not. Those that guess correctly earn the ability to make a [[#Rule Guess]],
and cannot make a [[#Rule Guess]] otherwise.

== Example game: ==

=== Lojban ===

'''ctuca''': vi'o!
* .i mapti fa mu'a lu mi tavla do lo skami li'u
* .i narmapti fa mu'a lu mi klama fu lo karce li'u

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« mi klama zo'e zoe' zo'e lo karce »li'u mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« mi tavla fi lo skami »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu javni lodu'u loi sumti cu remei

'''ctuca''' .i na go'i .i mu'a lu mi tavla do li'u na mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« tavla fi do »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .i xu lu« lo gerku lo mlatu cu jersi »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i na go'i

'''tadni''': je'e .uaru'e .ixu javni lodu'u lo cimoi sumti cu na kunti

'''ctuca''' .i .u'i dukti .i ku'i .ia do snada lo ka jimpe :)

'''tadni''': .i .ui .i ki'e do ckire fi lonu kelci !

=== English ===

<references />

Juftaikei

2025-08-18T00:01:22Z

Ziren:

Juftaikei

2025-08-17T23:57:25Z

Ziren:

# Juftaikei

Juftaikei, also known as Lingo<ref>previous name, non-preferred because it is gismu shaped, but not a gismu</ref>,
is a game that can be played in any language in any medium, but is typically played in Lojban in
chatrooms (e.g. on Discord or historically on an [https://wikipedia.org/wiki/IRC IRC].
It is a rule guessing game with one "Teacher" and any number<ref>positive integer, you nerd</ref> of "Students".
This is, the Teacher creates a "Rule" describing some aspect of a Lojban sentence that the students try to guess.

== How to play ==

First, decide who is the first Teacher. The Teacher then decides and records a Rule. A Rule can be something simple
as "contains a pronoun" or as complex as "If it exists, the second abstraction word must be a nu". Note that this is
a collaborative game, and if the chosen rule is so difficult that no-one can guess it, the teacher looses.

Once the Teacher has chosen a rule, they provide two example sentences, one which satisfies the Rule, and one which
does not, clearly labeling which sentence is which.
Then, the students, in any order, may make Guesses. The Guesses are
of two general forms: [[#Sentence Guess|Sentence Guesses]] and [[#Rule Guess|Rule Guesses]].

When a student makes a correct [[#Rule Guess]], they and the Teacher win that round. If all the students give up,
the Teacher may reveal the rule, and everyone loses that round. If there are enough players still interested,
a new Teacher is chosen, usually by the winning student from the previous round, and play restarts.

=== Sentence Guess ===

In a [[#Sentence Guess]], the student provides a sentence and asks whether or not it satisfies the rule, then the teacher
will say «mapti» if it does, or «na mapti» if it does not.

=== Rule Guess ===

Alternatively, the Student may guess at what the Rule is. If they are correct, they win the game. If not, the Teacher
must provide an example which satisfies the Teacher's Rule, but breaks the Student's proposed rule.

== Example Rules ==

* Contains a gismu/abstraction/connective/terminator/etc.
* Has no pronoun/poi/cu/etc.
* Starts with the selbri/attitudinal/TAG/etc.
* Has X sumti
* Contains a tanru of length Y
* Contains a nested abstraction

== Variants ==

This game has multiple rule variants depending on what the students want to play. For example, the turn order may be
stricter, players may be limited to a certain number of guesses, etc. Also, one may limit the object under study
to smaller pieces of grammar, such as words, as is common in introductory game with new players or [[Nintadni]]

=== Zendo ===

This game is inspired by [https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/6830/zendo Zendo], a board game with similar rules.
If the players which, they can use the full rule set from that game substituting Lojbanic sentence construction
for arrangements of pyramids.

One of the key concepts from Zendo is that when making a [[#Sentence Guess]], all the students may first.
guess whether it matches the Rule or not. Those that guess correctly earn the ability to make a [[#Rule Guess]],
and cannot make a [[#Rule Guess]] otherwise.

== Example game: ==

=== Lojban ===

'''ctuca''': vi'o!
* .i mapti fa mu'a lu mi tavla do lo skami li'u
* .i narmapti fa mu'a lu mi klama fu lo karce li'u

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« mi klama zo'e zoe' zo'e lo karce »li'u mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« mi tavla fi lo skami »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu javni lodu'u loi sumti cu remei

'''ctuca''' .i na go'i .i mu'a lu mi tavla do li'u na mapti

'''tadni''': .ixu lu« tavla fi do »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i mapti

'''tadni''': .i xu lu« lo gerku lo mlatu cu jersi »li'u cu mapti

'''ctuca''': .i na go'i

'''tadni''': je'e .uaru'e .ixu javni lodu'u lo cimoi sumti cu na kunti

'''ctuca''' .i .u'i dukti .i ku'i .ia do snada lo ka jimpe :)

'''tadni''': .i .ui .i ki'e do ckire fi lonu kelci !

=== English ===

<references />

Juftaikei

2025-08-17T22:32:25Z

Ziren: Created page with "# Juftaikei Juftaikei, also known as Lingo<ref>previous name, non-preferred because it is gismu shaped, but not a gismu</ref>, is a game that can be played in any language in any medium, but is typically played in Lojban in chatrooms (e.g. on Discord or historically on an [https://wikipedia.org/wiki/IRC IRC]. It is a rule guessing game with one "Teacher" and any number<ref>positive integer, you nerd</ref> of "Students". This is, the Teacher creates a "Rule" describing s..."

Nintadni

2025-08-17T21:37:32Z

Ziren: Created page with "A Nintadni is a beginning student (from the Lojban roots «cnino» (new) and «tadni» (student)). Though it can be a beginning student of any subject, in a Lojbanic context, this is usually a beginning speaker of Lojban. Nintadni is never an insult, and more often a term of endearment. Nintadni are the future of the language, and we are grateful they have decided to join us in learning our beautiful language."

A [[Nintadni]] is a beginning student (from the Lojban roots «cnino» (new) and «tadni» (student)). Though it can be a beginning student of any subject, in a Lojbanic context, this is usually a beginning speaker of Lojban. Nintadni is never an insult, and more often a term of endearment. Nintadni are the future of the language, and we are grateful they have decided to join us in learning our beautiful language.

New Sentence Links

2021-08-28T00:43:01Z

Ziren:

When adopting the Simplified Connective Reform, the cmavo in selma'o A (with '''ji''' reassigned to selma'o JA/JOI) becomes redundant and unused. The New Sentence Link reform, called '''.ajbo''' in lojban, proposes a way to reallocate selma'o A for convenience of speaking.

When speaking in '''.ajbo''', the cmavo '''.a''', '''.e''', '''.o''', and '''.u''' are reallocated to be in selma'o I, along with the current sentence link cmavo '''.i'''. These cmavo change the mood of a bridi, i.e. how the expression of truth encoded in the bridi ought be interpreted. This is roughly equivalent to following '''.i''' with a discursive as summarized below.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ New sentence links
|-
! Link !! Equivalent !! Mood !! Explanation
|-
| .a<ref group=Note name=Note01/> || .i pau || Interrogative || Expresses a question. Used for both truth (e.g. ''xu'') and value (e.g. ''ma'', ''mo'') questions.
|-
| .e || .i ji'a || || Similar to a spoken semi-colon, this indicates this bridi and the previous are a single concept, but need separated for purely grammatical reasons.
|-
| .i || .i || Indicative || This is unchanged, but this more strongly implies that this is a simple statement of truth.
|-
| .o || .i ko'oi || Imperative, Jussive || Creates a command. Implies the bridi is expected to be made true. Likely involves a '''ko'''.
|-
| .u || .i ku'i || Contrastive || Marks bridi with information that contrasts with the prior bridi. Similar to English "but".
|}

While using this reform, sentence separation becomes much more varied, but is still easily recognizable by the use of any vowel standing alone.

==Notes==
<references group=Note>
<ref name=Note01>Sometimes, '''.anai''' is used to indicate a response.</ref>
</references>

New Sentence Links

2021-08-27T23:15:00Z

Ziren:

When adopting the Simplified Connective Reform, the cmavo in selma'o A (with '''ji''' reassigned to selma'o JA/JOI) becomes redundant and unused. The New Sentence Link reform, called '''.ajbo''' in lojban, proposes a way to reallocate selma'o A for convenience of speaking.

When speaking in '''.ajbo''', the cmavo '''.a''', '''.e''', '''.o''', and '''.u''' are reallocated to be in selma'o I, along with the current sentence link cmavo '''.i'''. These cmavo change the mood of a bridi, i.e. how the expression of truth encoded in the bridi ought be interpreted. This is roughly equivalent to following '''.i''' with a discursive as summarized below.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ New sentence links
|-
! Link !! Equivalent !! Mood !! Explanation
|-
| .a<ref group=Note name=Note01/> || .i pau || Interrogative || Expresses a question. Used for both truth (e.g. ''xu'') and value (e.g. ''ma'', ''mo'') questions.
|-
| .e<ref group=Note name=Note02/> || .i ca'e || Performative, Declarative || The bridi is true because it is stated. For example, definitions and declaring two people as wedded.
|-
| .i || .i || Indicative || This is unchanged, but this more strongly implies that this is a simple statement of truth.
|-
| .o || .i ko'oi || Imperative, Jussive || Creates a command. Implies the bridi is expected to be made true. Likely involves a '''ko'''.
|-
| .u || .i ku'i || Contrastive || Marks bridi with information that contrasts with the prior bridi. Similar to English "but".
|}

While using this reform, sentence separation becomes much more varied, but is still easily recognizable by the use of any vowel standing alone.

==Notes==
<references group=Note>
<ref name=Note01>Sometimes, '''.anai''' is used to indicate a response.</ref>
<ref name=Note02>For a brief period, this was used to indicate a close connection between this and the previous sentence. It is now suggested to use '''.ibo''' for this.</ref>
</references>